Which of the following correctly describe potential disadvantages of a Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) IT system?

A Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) IT system often presents various challenges that organizations should consider when deciding to implement such systems. Each of the points noted in the choices highlights potential disadvantages:

Firstly, COTS solutions may not provide all the specific functions an organization requires for its unique business processes. These systems are designed to serve a broad market, and as such, they may lack tailored features that a particular organization needs to perform optimally. This can lead organizations to either adapt their workflows to fit the software or to seek additional custom development, which can diminish the cost-effectiveness and simplicity that COTS solutions are typically valued for.

Secondly, the longevity of support from the vendor is another crucial aspect. If the seller decides to discontinue support for the software, organizations may find themselves with a system that lacks updates, security patches, or technical assistance. This can become particularly problematic if organizations rely heavily on the COTS system for critical operations, as it can lead to increased risks and uncertainties regarding maintenance and reliability.

Lastly, security is a significant concern with COTS products. Like any widely used software, these systems can have vulnerabilities that may be exploited by malicious actors. When a software product is employed across various sectors and organizations, its weaknesses can become well