What change introduction method allows for tuning a system through operational use and has a lower risk?

Pilot Running is the correct choice because it involves introducing a new system or process on a smaller scale within a controlled environment. This method enables organizations to test the system's functionality and effectiveness in real operational conditions while minimizing risks. By allowing a selected group of users to operate the new system, organizations can gather valuable feedback, identify any issues, and make necessary adjustments before a full-scale rollout.

This method provides the flexibility to fine-tune the system based on actual usage, leading to improved performance and user satisfaction. Since only a part of the organization is affected initially, any potential disruptions are limited compared to a full implementation, thus significantly lowering risk during the transition period. Pilot Running also encourages stakeholder engagement by involving end-users early in the process, which can enhance overall acceptance and ease the transition to the new system.

In contrast, direct changeover involves switching entirely to the new system all at once, which can lead to significant risks if problems arise. Parallel running requires both the old and new systems to operate simultaneously, which can be resource-intensive and complicates the assessment of the new system’s effectiveness. Phased implementation introduces the new system gradually but doesn’t allow for the same level of operational feedback and tuning as Pilot Running.